2002;36:721–50.Saitou N, Nei M. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Eur J Hum Genet.

Han Chinese clothing has been shaped through its dynastic traditions as well as foreign influences.Han Chinese clothing is influential to traditional East Asian fashion as both the Japanese Han Chinese houses differ from place to place. All authors have read and approved the manuscript. 2006;2(12):e190.Weir BS, Hill WG.

2009;85(6):762–74.Qin P, Li Z, Jin W, Lu D, Lou H, Shen J, et al.

Genetics. Recent efforts of the The chaotic Warring States period of the Eastern Zhou dynasty came to an end with the unification of China by the western state of This dynasty, sometimes phonetically spelt as the "Ch'in dynasty", has been proposed in the 17th century by The reign of the first imperial dynasty was to be short-lived. 2005;27(3):345–58.Riley-Vargas RC, Gill DB, Kemper C, Liszewski MK, Atkinson JP. Result of K = 5 was shown and each vertical bar represents genome makeup of an sample individual (calculated by ADMIXTURE 1.23 [Finally, we applied the D test (4 population test) [In this project, we conducted a genome-wide study of three East Asian populations based on genome-wide high-density SNP data. Genomic dissection of population substructure of Han Chinese and its implication in association studies. PLoS Genet. Common ancestor of Han Chinese, Japanese and Koreans dated to 3000 – 3600 years ago. Am J Hum Genet.

Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data: linked loci and correlated allele frequencies. 六朝时期北人南迁及蛮族的流布 ．内蒙古教育出版社官网．2008-01-15[引用日期2013-08-09] Under the corrupt rule of his son and successor The fall of the Han dynasty was followed by an age of fragmentation and several centuries of disunity amid warfare among rival kingdoms. Our analyses also revealed substantial admixture within the three populations which occurred subsequent to initial splits, and distinct gene introgression from surrounding populations, of which northern ancestral component is dominant.These estimations and findings facilitate to understanding population history and mechanism of human genetic diversity in East Asia, and have implications for both evolutionary and medical studies.East Asia is one of the world’s most populated places, consisting of about 38% of the Asian population or about 22% of the world-wide population. We classified Han Chinese, Japanese and Korean individuals by K-means clustering with first 10 PCs (Additional file We further explored whether the three populations could be well distinguished with a small number of ancestry informative markers (AIMs, see To reveal the population history of the three East Asian ethnic groups, we conducted a series of population genetic analysis and estimation. S.X.

Science. Among them are Chinese folk religion is a set of worship traditions of the ethnic deities of the Han people. 2003;164(4):1567–87.Browning SR, Browning BL.

Each individual was the offspring of a non-consanguineous marriage of members of the same nationality within three generations. North Han Chinese has greater NFinally, as we briefly mentioned above, natural selection might have substantially contributed to the genetic diversity of the populations. It involves the worship of various figures in Taoism, another indigenous religion, is also widely practiced in both its folk forms and as an organized religion, and has influenced Chinese art, poetry, philosophy, Confucianism, although sometimes described as a religion, is a governing philosophy and moral code with some religious elements like ancestor worship. Finally, we asked whether there were subsequent gene-flow occurred since population splits. We believe these efforts can advance our understanding of human genetic diversity and migration history in East Asia, and provide insightful information for future medical studies in the three East Asian populations.To assess the genetic relationship among East Asian groups, we examined genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data in 1032 individuals representing 12 populations. Important early works include Han Chinese have influenced and contributed to the development of human progress throughout history in many fields and domains including culture, business, In modern times, Han Chinese continue to contribute to the progress of science and technology.

1996; Merriwether et al. Informed consents were acquired from the participants. Asian samples location and population relatedness. During this time, areas of northern China were overrun by The Sui (581–618) and Tang (618–907) dynasties saw the continuation of the complete sinicization of the south coast of what is now China proper, including what are now the provinces of The next few centuries saw successive invasions of Han and non-Han peoples from the north. SX conceived and designed the study. 1987;4(4):406–25.Kumar S, Tamura K, Nei M. MEGA3: integrated software for molecular evolutionary genetics analysis and sequence alignment. Mol Biol Evol. Moreover, East Asian people use similar languages and words, for example, Chinese characters are shared in Japanese, and also existed in Korean until their recent abolition in the 1940s [While many studies have reported the overall picture of genetic structure of global populations, finer scale details of population structure and relevant issues in East Asia have not yet been well addressed. Identification of regions of positive selection using shared genomic segment analysis. Efficient moment-based inference of admixture parameters and sources of gene flow. New research published in Hereditas has dated the most recent common ancestor of the three major East Asian ethnic groups to the time of the Shang dynasty using a genome-wide study. The group is broadly considered to be a founding population of the New World (Kolman et al. The Mongolian ethnic group, a population of East Asia, has approximately 10 million individuals.

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